نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری فقه و حقوق قضایی گرایش جزا و جرم شناسی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه،قم،ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Suicide is defined as a death resulting directly or indirectly from the victim’s own actions or omissions of an action. Unlike murder, where a separate perpetrator is involved, suicide involves a similarity between the perpetrator and the victim. Data show that suicide, influenced by various causes and factors, is prevalent globally. This phenomenon has been explored across different scientific disciplines as a result. However, it has been largely overlooked by legislators and criminal law theory. This paper, employing an analytical-descriptive and comparative approach based on authoritative sources of jurisprudence and Islamic law and considering the criminal laws of Iran and Afghanistan, aims to elucidate the foundations of suicide prohibition from an Islamic jurisprudential perspective and critically assess the relevant criminal laws. The study reveals that, while many suicide cases under Islamic jurisprudence and the criminal laws of Iran and Afghanistan do not incur criminal responsibility, various forms of involvement in suicide—such as participation, coercion, causation, and assistance—are considered. According to predominant juristic views, individuals may bear criminal responsibility (retaliation and blood money) based on their level of involvement in the act. Additionally, some criminal laws regard aiding in suicide as warranting discretionary punishment.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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